| Contents |
Pages |
| 10.1.2 Noise sensitive receivers (continued from part 5) |
10-3 |
| 10.1.3 Background noise monitoring |
10-5 |
| 10.1.4 Policy framework |
10-5 |
| 10.1.5 Noise modelling |
10-6 |
| 10.2 Existing environment |
10-7 |
| 10.3 Assessment criteria |
10-9 |
| 10.3.1 Construction noise |
10-9 |
| 10.3.2 Construction vibration |
10-12 |
| 10.3.3 Operational noise |
10-15 |
| 10.4 Assessment of construction impacts |
10-20 |
| 10.4.1 Construction activity noise |
10-20 |
| 10.4.2 Ground-borne noise |
10-32 |
| 10.4.3 Construction traffic noise |
10-33 |
| 10.4.4 Construction vibration |
10-34 |
| 10.4.5 Blasting |
10-35 |
| 10.5 Assessment of operational impacts |
10-36 |
| 10.5.1 Road traffic noise assessment |
10-36 |
| 10.5.2 Operational ancillary facilities |
10-42 |
| 10.6 Assessment of cumulative impacts |
10-43 |
| 10.6.1 Construction |
10-43 |
| 10.6.2 Operation |
10-43 |
| 10.7 Management of impacts |
10-43 |
| 10.7.1 Project design features that manage impacts |
10-43 |
| 10.7.2 Environmental management measures |
10-43 |
| 11 Human health |
11-1 |
| 11.1 Assessment methodology |
11-1 |
| 11.1.1 Method of assessment |
11-1 |
| 11.1.2 Study area |
11-2 |
| 11.1.3 Field survey and analysis |
11-3 |
| 11.2 Existing environment |
11-3 |
| 11.2.1 Population profile |
11-3 |
| 11.2.2 Existing health of population |
11-6 |
| 11.2.3 Existing air quality |
11-6 |
| 11.2.4 Existing noise and vibration |
11-6 |
| 11.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
11-7 |
| 11.3.1 Air quality |
11-7 |
| 11.3.2 Noise and vibration |
11-7 |
| 11.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
11-8 |
| 11.4.1 Air quality |
11-8 |
| 11.4.2 Assessment of regulatory worst case scenarios |
11-16 |
| 11.4.3 Assessment of in-tunnel air quality impacts |
11-19 |
| 11.4.4 Noise and vibration |
11-23 |
| 11.5 Assessment of social impacts on health |
11-24 |
| 11.6 Changes in noise |
11-26 |
| 11.7 Changes in community |
11-27 |
| 11.8 Assessment of cumulative impacts |
11-28 |
| 11.9 Management of impacts |
11-28 |
| 12 Property and land use |
12-1 |
| 12.1 Assessment methodology |
12-1 |
| 12.1.1 Overview |
12-1 |
| 12.1.2 Residual land assessment criteria |
12-2 |
| 12.2 Existing environment |
12-2 |
| 12.2.1 Regional context |
12-2 |
| 12.2.2 Local context |
12-3 |
| 12.2.3 Potential future development |
12-13 |
| 12.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
12-14 |
| 12.3.1 Property and land use impacts |
12-14 |
| 12.3.2 Property access impacts |
12-33 |
| 12.3.3 Impacts on Crown land |
12-33 |
| 12.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
12-34 |
| 12.4.1 Property impacts |
12-34 |
| 12.4.2 Land use impacts |
12-34 |
| 12.4.3 Overshadowing |
12-37 |
| 12.5 Management of impacts |
12-38 |
| 13 Urban design and visual amenity |
13-1 |
| 13.1 Assessment methodology |
13-2 |
| 13.2 Existing environment |
13-2 |
| 13.2.1 General landscape and visual character |
13-2 |
| 13.2.2 Landscape character zones |
13-3 |
| 13.2.3 Representative sensitive visual receivers |
13-4 |
| 13.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
13-26 |
| 13.3.1 Overview |
13-26 |
| 13.3.2 Impacts on sensitive receivers |
13-27 |
| 13.3.3 Construction lighting impacts |
13-31 |
| 13.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
13-33 |
| 13.4.1 Landscape character impacts |
13-33 |
| 13.4.2 Visual receivers |
13-33 |
| 13.4.3 Desired future character assessment |
13-42 |
| 13.4.4 Urban design assessment |
13-43 |
| 13.4.5 Parramatta Road Urban Transformation Program |
13-47 |
| 13.5 Management of impacts |
13-48 |
| 13.5.1 Urban design |
13-48 |
| 13.5.2 Landscape character and visual amenity |
13-48 |
| 14 Social and economic |
14-1 |
| 14.1 Assessment methodology |
14-1 |
| 14.1.1 Approach |
14-2 |
| 14.1.2 Social impact assessment framework and rating |
14-2 |
| 14.1.3 Economic multipliers |
14-3 |
| 14.1.4 Study area |
14-3 |
| 14.1.5 Community consultation |
14-6 |
| 14.2 Existing environment |
14-6 |
| 14.2.1 Study area existing environment |
14-6 |
| 14.2.2 Precinct existing environment |
14-14 |
| 14.2.3 Parramatta Road Urban Transformation Program |
14-16 |
| 14.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
14-17 |
| 14.3.1 Economic stimulus – construction expenditure and employment |
14-17 |
| 14.3.2 Changes in amenity |
14-18 |
| 14.3.3 Changes to accessibility |
14-19 |
| 14.3.4 Property and household impacts |
14-20 |
| 14.3.5 Social infrastructure |
14-21 |
| 14.3.6 Business impacts |
14-24 |
| 14.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
14-24 |
| 14.4.1 Economic stimulus – operational expenditure and employment |
14-25 |
| 14.4.2 Changes in amenity |
14-25 |
| 14.4.3 Freight and efficiency |
14-26 |
| 14.4.4 Acquisition |
14-26 |
| 14.4.5 Changes in passing trade |
14-26 |
| 14.4.6 Changes to accessibility |
14-26 |
| 14.4.7 Social infrastructure |
14-28 |
| 14.5 Assessment of cumulative impacts |
14-29 |
| 14.6 Management of impacts |
14-30 |
| 14.6.1 Ongoing stakeholder engagement |
14-30 |
| 14.6.2 Environmental management measures |
14-30 |
| 15 Soil and water quality |
15-1 |
| 15.1 Assessment methodology |
15-1 |
| 15.1.1 Overview |
15-1 |
| 15.1.2 Legislation and policy framework |
15-2 |
| 15.1.3 Water quality monitoring |
15-4 |
| 15.2 Existing environment |
15-4 |
| 15.2.1 Soils |
15-4 |
| 15.2.2 Waterways and riparian zones |
15-6 |
| 15.2.3 Sensitive receiving environments |
15-8 |
| 15.2.4 Water quality |
15-8 |
| 15.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
15-10 |
| 15.3.1 Construction impacts on soils |
15-10 |
| 15.3.2 Construction impacts on water quality |
15-11 |
| 15.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
15-14 |
| 15.4.1 Operational impacts to soils |
15-14 |
| 15.4.2 Operational impacts to water quality |
15-14 |
| 15.5 Management of impacts |
15-16 |
| 15.5.1 Project design features that manage impacts |
15-17 |
| 15.5.2 Environmental management measures |
15-17 |
| 16 Contamination |
16-1 |
| 16.1 Assessment methodology |
16-1 |
| 16.1.1 Desktop review |
16-1 |
| 16.1.2 Site inspection |
16-2 |
| 16.1.3 Site investigations |
16-2 |
| 16.1.4 Preliminary conceptual site model |
16-2 |
| 16.1.5 Study area |
16-10 |
| 16.2 Assessment criteria |
16-10 |
| 16.3 Existing environment |
16-11 |
| 16.3.1 Section 1: West of Homebush Bay Drive to Pomeroy Street |
16-11 |
| 16.3.2 Section 2: Pomeroy Street to Ismay Avenue |
16-13 |
| 16.3.3 Section 3: Ismay Avenue to Carrington Lane |
16-13 |
| 16.3.4 Section 4: Carrington Lane to Broughton Street |
16-15 |
| 16.3.5 Section 5: Broughton Street to Dobroyd Canal (Iron Cove Creek) |
16-16 |
| 16.3.6 Section 6: Dobroyd Canal (Iron Cove Creek) to Bland Street (including Wattle Street) |
16-18 |
| 16.3.7 Section 7: Bland Street to Orpington Street |
16-19 |
| 16.4 Assessment of construction impacts |
16-20 |
| 16.4.1 Potential contamination pathways |
16-20 |
| 16.4.2 Acid sulfate soil impacts |
16-23 |
| 16.4.3 Contamination resulting from the project |
16-23 |
| 16.5 Assessment of operational impacts |
16-23 |
| 16.6 Management of impacts |
16-24 |
| 17 Flooding and drainage |
17-1 |
| 17.1 Assessment methodology |
17-1 |
| 17.1.1 Methodology overview |
17-1 |
| 17.1.2 Policy and guidance |
17-2 |
| 17.1.3 Study area and analysis |
17-2 |
| 17.2 Existing environment |
17-3 |
| 17.2.1 Catchment descriptions |
17-3 |
| 17.2.2 Environmental conditions |
17-8 |
| 17.2.3 Present day flooding conditions |
17-8 |
| 17.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
17-10 |
| 17.3.1 Flood risk to the project |
17-10 |
| 17.3.2 Potential impacts of construction activities on flooding behaviour |
17-13 |
| 17.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
17-17 |
| 17.4.1 Flood risk to the project and impact on flooding behaviour |
17-17 |
| 17.4.2 Potential impacts of future climate change |
17-22 |
| 17.5 Management of impacts |
17-23 |
| 17.5.1 Project design features that manage impacts |
17-23 |
| 17.5.2 Environmental management measures |
17-24 |
| 18 Groundwater |
18-1 |
| 18.1 Assessment methodology |
18-1 |
| 18.1.1 Overview |
18-1 |
| 18.1.2 Ground and surface water monitoring |
18-3 |
| 18.1.3 Policy framework |
18-3 |
| 18.2 Existing environment |
18-5 |
| 18.2.1 Drainage, topography and geology |
18-5 |
| 18.2.2 Groundwater levels and movement |
18-6 |
| 18.2.3 Groundwater quality |
18-9 |
| 18.2.4 Groundwater dependent ecosystems |
18-11 |
| 18.2.5 Groundwater users |
18-11 |
| 18.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
18-11 |
| 18.3.1 Groundwater inflow rates and recharge |
18-11 |
| 18.3.2 Impact on groundwater quality and contamination |
18-14 |
| 18.3.3 Ground movement |
18-15 |
| 18.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
18-16 |
| 18.4.1 Groundwater drawdown |
18-16 |
| 18.4.2 Groundwater recharge change |
18-20 |
| 18.4.3 Groundwater inflow rates and chemistry |
18-20 |
| 18.4.4 Potential impact on groundwater dependent ecosystems |
18-21 |
| 18.4.5 Impacts on other groundwater users |
18-22 |
| 18.4.6 Impact on groundwater quality and contamination |
18-22 |
| 18.4.7 Potential for acid sulfate soil drainage |
18-23 |
| 18.4.8 Groundwater management, treatment and discharge |
18-23 |
| 18.4.9 Summary of impacts having regard to the Aquifer Interference Policy |
18-23 |
| 18.5 Management of impacts |
18-25 |
| 18.5.1 Project design features that manage impacts |
18-25 |
| 18.5.2 Environmental management measures |
18-26 |
| 19 Non-Aboriginal heritage |
19-1 |
| 19.1 Assessment methodology |
19-1 |
| 19.1.1 Overview |
19-1 |
| 19.1.2 Legislation and policy framework |
19-2 |
| 19.1.3 Study area |
19-2 |
| 19.1.4 Assessment of historical archaeological resources |
19-3 |
| 19.1.5 Assessment of heritage impacts |
19-11 |
| 19.2 Existing environment |
19-12 |
| 19.2.1 Historical archaeology |
19-12 |
| 19.2.2 Heritage items and conservation areas |
19-18 |
| 19.3 Assessment of impacts |
19-30 |
| 19.3.1 Historical archaeology |
19-30 |
| 19.3.2 Heritage items and conservation areas |
19-32 |
| 19.4 Management of impacts |
19-43 |
| 20 Biodiversity |
20-1 |
| 20.1 Assessment methodology |
20-2 |
| 20.1.1 Overview |
20-2 |
| 20.1.2 Desktop assessment |
20-2 |
| 20.1.3 Likelihood of occurrence assessment |
20-3 |
| 20.1.4 Field surveys |
20-3 |
| 20.1.5 Legislation and policy framework |
20-4 |
| 20.2 Existing environment |
20-5 |
| 20.2.1 Vegetation communities |
20-5 |
| 20.2.2 Flora species and populations |
20-6 |
| 20.2.3 Fauna species and populations |
20-12 |
| 20.2.4 Migratory species |
20-13 |
| 20.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
20-14 |
| 20.3.1 Direct impacts |
20-14 |
| 20.3.2 Indirect impacts |
20-17 |
| 20.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
20-19 |
| 20.5 Assessment of cumulative impacts |
20-20 |
| 20.6 Management of impacts |
20-20 |
| 20.6.1 Biodiversity offsets |
20-22 |
| 21 Greenhouse gas |
21-1 |
| 21.1 Assessment methodology |
21-1 |
| 21.1.1 Greenhouse gas assessment boundary |
21-2 |
| 21.2 Existing environment |
21-3 |
| 21.2.1 Policy setting |
21-3 |
| 21.2.2 GHG emissions reporting |
21-3 |
| 21.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
21-4 |
| 21.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
21-5 |
| 21.4.1 Emissions from road infrastructure operation |
21-6 |
| 21.4.2 Emissions from vehicles during operation |
21-6 |
| 21.5 Combined GHG emissions |
21-7 |
| 21.6 Management of impacts |
21-9 |
| 22 Aboriginal heritage |
22-1 |
| 22.1 Assessment methodology |
22-1 |
| 22.1.1 Overview |
22-1 |
| 22.1.2 Legislation and policy framework |
22-2 |
| 22.2 Study area |
22-3 |
| 22.3 Existing environment |
22-3 |
| 22.3.1 Landscape context |
22-3 |
| 22.3.2 Ethnographic and archaeological context |
22-3 |
| 22.3.3 Site predictions |
22-4 |
| 22.3.4 Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System |
22-4 |
| 22.3.5 Survey results |
22-4 |
| 22.4 Assessment of potential impacts |
22-6 |
| 22.5 Environmental management measures |
22-6 |
| 23 Resource use and waste minimisation |
23-1 |
| 23.1 Assessment methodology |
23-1 |
| 23.2 Legislative framework |
23-1 |
| 23.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
23-2 |
| 23.3.1 Construction resource consumption |
23-2 |
| 23.3.2 Construction waste management |
23-3 |
| 23.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
23-6 |
| 23.4.1 Operational resource consumption |
23-6 |
| 23.4.2 Operational waste management |
23-6 |
| 23.5 Environmental management measures |
23-7 |
| 24 Climate change risk and adaptation |
24-1 |
| 24.1 Assessment methodology |
24-1 |
| 24.1.1 Pre-screening |
24-2 |
| 24.1.2 Screening |
24-2 |
| 24.1.3 Detailed risk assessment |
24-2 |
| 24.1.4 Risk evaluation |
24-3 |
| 24.1.5 Adaptation (risk treatment) |
24-3 |
| 24.2 Existing environment |
24-3 |
| 24.2.1 Future climate |
24-4 |
| 24.3 Assessment of construction impacts |
24-6 |
| 24.4 Assessment of operational impacts |
24-6 |
| 24.4.1 Risk evaluation |
24-6 |
| 24.5 Management of impacts |
24-7 |
| 25 Hazards and risk |
25-1 |
| 25.1 Assessment of construction risks |
25-1 |
| 25.1.1 Storage and handling of dangerous goods and hazardous substances |
25-1 |
| 25.1.2 Transport of dangerous goods and hazardous substances |
25-2 |
| 25.1.3 Underground services |
25-3 |
| 25.1.4 Risk of tunnel collapse |
25-3 |
| 25.2 Assessment of operational risks |
25-3 |
| 25.2.1 Storage and handling of dangerous goods and hazardous substances |
25-4 |
| 25.2.2 Transport of dangerous goods and hazardous substances |
25-4 |
| 25.2.3 Incidents in the tunnels |
25-5 |
| 25.2.4 Incidents on surface roads |
25-6 |
| 25.3 Environmental management measures |
25-6 |
| 26 Cumulative impacts |
26-1 |
| 26.1 Nature of cumulative impacts |
26-1 |
| 26.2 Assessment methodology |
26-2 |
| 26.3 Existing environment |
26-2 |
| 26.3.1 WestConnex |
26-2 |
| 26.3.2 Other nearby developments |
26-4 |
| 26.4 Cumulative impacts of WestConnex component projects |
26-7 |
| 26.4.1 Traffic and transport |
26-7 |
| 26.4.2 Air quality |
26-8 |
| 26.4.3 Noise and vibration |
26-8 |
| 26.4.4 Economic impacts |
26-9 |
| 26.4.5 Social impacts |
26-10 |
| 26.4.6 Non-Aboriginal heritage |
26-10 |
| 26.4.7 Biodiversity |
26-10 |
| 26.5 Cumulative impacts of other nearby developments |
26-10 |
| 26.5.1 Traffic and transport |
26-11 |
| 26.5.2 Amenity impacts |
26-11 |
| 26.6 Management of impacts |
26-12 |
| 27 Sustainability |
27-1 |
| 27.1 What is sustainability? |
27-1 |
| 27.2 WestConnex Sustainability Strategy |
27-1 |
| 27.3 Sustainability management measures |
27-2 |
| 27.4 Ecologically sustainable development |
27-10 |
| 27.4.1 Precautionary principle |
27-10 |
| 27.4.2 Inter-generational equity |
27-10 |
| 27.4.3 Conservation of biological diversity and ecological integrity |
27-11 |
| 27.4.4 Improved valuation and pricing and incentive mechanisms |
27-11 |
| 28 Environmental risk analysis |
28-1 |
| 28.1 Overview |
28-1 |
| 28.2 Preliminary environmental assessment |
28-2 |
| 28.3 Assessment of key issues identified in the Secretary’s environmental assessment requirements |
28-2 |
| 28.4 Risk analysis summary |
28-3 |
| 29 Summary of environmental management measures |
29-1 |
| 29.1 Environmental management plans (or systems) |
29-1 |
| 29.2 Summary of safeguards and management measures |
29-1 |
| 30 Project justification and conclusion |
30-1 |
| 30.1 Justification |
30-1 |
| 30.1.1 Summary of strategic need and justification |
30-1 |
| 30.1.2 Achieving project objectives |
30-2 |
| 30.2 Objectives of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act (1979) |
30-4 |
| 30.3 Conclusion |
30-6 |
The People's M4 